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Python Snake Made Easy

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<div class="kksr-legend" style="font-size: 19.2px;"> 5/5 – (1 vote) </div>
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<p>This code creates a simple Snake game using the Pygame library in Python. </p>
<p>The game starts with a small snake moving around the screen, controlled by arrow keys, eating randomly placed food items. Each time the snake eats food, it grows longer, and the game gets faster. </p>
<p>The game ends if the snake collides with itself or the screen borders, and the player’s goal is to keep the snake growing as long as possible.</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="python" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">import pygame
import sys
import random # Initialize pygame
pygame.init() # Set screen dimensions
WIDTH = 640
HEIGHT = 480
CELL_SIZE = 20 # Colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0) # Create the game screen
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) # Set the game clock
clock = pygame.time.Clock() def random_food_position(): return (random.randint(0, (WIDTH-CELL_SIZE)//CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE, random.randint(0, (HEIGHT-CELL_SIZE)//CELL_SIZE) * CELL_SIZE) def draw_snake(snake_positions): for pos in snake_positions: pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, pygame.Rect(pos[0], pos[1], CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)) def draw_food(food_position): pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, pygame.Rect(food_position[0], food_position[1], CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)) def main(): snake_positions = [(100, 100), (80, 100), (60, 100)] snake_direction = (20, 0) food_position = random_food_position() game_speed = 10 while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_UP and snake_direction != (0, 20): snake_direction = (0, -20) elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and snake_direction != (0, -20): snake_direction = (0, 20) elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and snake_direction != (20, 0): snake_direction = (-20, 0) elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and snake_direction != (-20, 0): snake_direction = (20, 0) new_head = (snake_positions[0][0] + snake_direction[0], snake_positions[0][1] + snake_direction[1]) if new_head in snake_positions or new_head[0] < 0 or new_head[0] >= WIDTH or new_head[1] < 0 or new_head[1] >= HEIGHT: break snake_positions.insert(0, new_head) if new_head == food_position: food_position = random_food_position() game_speed += 1 else: snake_positions.pop() screen.fill(WHITE) draw_snake(snake_positions) draw_food(food_position) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(game_speed) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
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<p>This simple implementation of the classic Snake game uses the <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/how-to-install-pygame-on-pycharm/" data-type="post" data-id="35078" target="_blank">Pygame library</a> in Python — here’s how I quickly lost in the game:</p>
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<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="634" height="506" src="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/snake_py.gif" alt="" class="wp-image-1315513"/></figure>
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<p>Here’s a brief explanation of each part of the code:</p>
<ol>
<li>Import libraries:
<ul>
<li><code>pygame</code> for creating the game window and handling events, </li>
<li><code>sys</code> for system-specific parameters and functions, and </li>
<li><code>random</code> for generating random numbers.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Initialize <code>pygame</code> with <code>pygame.init()</code>.</li>
<li>Set screen dimensions and cell size. The <code>WIDTH</code>, <code>HEIGHT</code>, and <code>CELL_SIZE</code> constants define the game window size and the size of each cell (both snake segments and food).</li>
<li>Define color constants <code>WHITE</code>, <code>GREEN</code>, and <code>RED</code> as RGB tuples.</li>
<li>Create the game screen with <code>pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))</code>.</li>
<li>Set the game clock with <code>pygame.time.Clock()</code> to control the game’s frame rate.</li>
<li>Define the <code>random_food_position()</code> function to generate a random food position on the grid, ensuring it’s aligned with the <code>CELL_SIZE</code>.</li>
<li>Define <code>draw_snake(snake_positions)</code> function to draw the snake’s body segments at their respective positions using green rectangles.</li>
<li>Define <code>draw_food(food_position)</code> function to draw the food as a red rectangle at its position.</li>
<li>Define the <code>main()</code> function, which contains the main game loop and logic.
<ul>
<li>Initialize the snake’s starting position, direction, food position, and game speed.</li>
<li>The <code>while True</code> loop is the main game loop that runs indefinitely until the snake collides with itself or the screen borders.</li>
<li>Handle events like closing the game window or changing the snake’s direction using arrow keys.</li>
<li>Update the snake’s position based on its current direction.</li>
<li>Check for collisions with itself or the screen borders, breaking the loop if a collision occurs.</li>
<li>If the snake’s head is at the food position, generate a new food position and increase the game speed. Otherwise, remove the last snake segment.</li>
<li>Update the game display by filling the screen with a white background, drawing the snake and food, and updating the display.</li>
<li>Control the game speed using <code>clock.tick(game_speed)</code>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Run the <code>main()</code> function when the script is executed by checking if <code>__name__ == "__main__"</code>.</li>
</ol>
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https://www.sickgaming.net/blog/2023/04/...made-easy/

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