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[Tut] Python IndexError: Tuple Index Out of Range [Easy Fix] - xSicKxBot - 08-22-2023
[Tut] Python IndexError: Tuple Index Out of Range [Easy Fix]
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<p><strong>Key Points:</strong></p>
<ul class="has-global-color-8-background-color has-background">
<li>To solve the <strong>“IndexError: tuple index out of range”</strong>, avoid do not access a non-existing tuple index. For example, <code>my_tuple[5]</code> causes an error for a tuple with three elements. </li>
<li>If you access tuple elements in a loop, keep in mind that Python uses <a data-type="post" data-id="84" href="https://blog.finxter.com/daily-python-puzzle-list-indexing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">zero-based indexing</a>: For a tuple with <code>n</code> elements, the first element has index <code>0</code> and the last index <code>n-1</code>. </li>
<li>A common cause of the error is trying to access indices <code>1, 2, ..., n</code> instead of using the correct indices <code>0,1, ..., (n-1)</code>. </li>
</ul>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-css-opacity"/>
<p>The following video shows how I fixed a <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-indexerror-list-index-out-of-range/">similar error</a> on a list instead of a tuple: </p>
<figure class="wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube"><a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-indexerror-tuple-index-out-of-range-easy-fix/"><img decoding="async" src="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-youtube-lyte/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2Ffe3nwCR6r2o%2Fhqdefault.jpg" alt="YouTube Video"></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
<p>If you’re like me, you try things first in your code and fix the bugs as they come. </p>
<p>One frequent bug in Python is the <code>IndexError: tuple index out of range</code>. So, what does this error message mean?</p>
<p class="has-text-align-left"><strong>The error “<em>tuple index out of range</em>” arises if you access invalid indices in your <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/the-ultimate-guide-to-python-tuples/">Python tuple</a>. For example, if you try to access the tuple element with index 100 but your tuple consist only of three elements, Python will throw an IndexError telling you that the tuple index is out of range.</strong></p>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Minimal Example</h2>
<p>Here’s a screenshot of this happening on my Windows machine:</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" width="883" height="140" src="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/image-84.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1646524" srcset="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/image-84.png 883w, https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/image-84-300x48.png 300w, https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/image-84-768x122.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 883px) 100vw, 883px" /></figure>
<p>Let’s have a look at an example where this error arises:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="python" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">
my_tuple = ('Alice', 'Bob', 'Carl')
print(my_tuple[3])
</pre>
<p>The element with index 3 doesn’t exist in the tuple with three elements. Why is that? </p>
<p>The following graphic shows that the maximal index in your tuple is 2. The call <code>my_tuple[2]</code> would retrieve the <em><strong>third </strong></em>tuple element <code>'Carl'</code>. </p>
<ul>
<li><code>my_tuple[0] --> Alice</code></li>
<li><code>my_tuple[1] --> Bob</code></li>
<li><code>my_tuple[2] --> Carl</code></li>
<li><code>my_tuple[3] --> ??? Error ???</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Did you try to access the third element with index 3? </p>
<p>It’s a common mistake: The index of the third element is <code>2</code> because the index of the first tuple element is <code>0</code>. </p>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading">How to Fix the IndexError in a For Loop? [General Strategy]</h2>
<p>So, how can you fix the code? Python tells you in which line and on which tuple the error occurs. </p>
<p>To pin down the exact problem, check the value of the index just before the error occurs. </p>
<p>To achieve this, you can <a data-type="post" data-id="20731" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-print/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">print</a> the index that causes the error before you use it on the tuple. This way, you’ll have your wrong index in the shell right before the error message. </p>
<p>Here’s an example of wrong code that will cause the error to appear:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="python" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># WRONG CODE
my_tuple = ('Alice', 'Bob', 'Ann', 'Carl') for i in range(len(my_tuple)+1): my_tuple[i] ''' OUTPUT
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\xcent\Desktop\code.py", line 5, in <module> my_tuple[i]
IndexError: tuple index out of range '''
</pre>
<p>The error message tells you that the error appears in line 5. </p>
<p>So, let’s insert a <code><a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-print/" data-type="post" data-id="20731" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">print</a></code> statement before that line:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="python" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="4" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">my_tuple = ('Alice', 'Bob', 'Ann', 'Carl') for i in range(len(my_tuple)+1): print(i) my_tuple[i]</pre>
<p>The result of this code snippet is still an error. </p>
<p>But there’s more:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="raw" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="6-9" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">0
1
2
3
4
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\xcent\Desktop\code.py", line 6, in <module> my_tuple[i]
IndexError: tuple index out of range</pre>
<p>You can now see all indices used to retrieve an element. </p>
<p>The final one is the index <code>i=4</code> which points to the fifth element in the tuple (remember <a data-type="post" data-id="125374" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-__getitem__-magic-method/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">zero-based indexing</a>: <em><strong>Python starts indexing at index 0!</strong></em>). </p>
<p>But the tuple has only four elements, so you need to reduce the number of indices you’re iterating over. </p>
<p>The correct code is, therefore:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="python" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># CORRECT CODE
my_tuple = ('Alice', 'Bob', 'Ann', 'Carl') for i in range(len(my_tuple)): my_tuple[i]</pre>
<p>Note that this is a minimal example and it doesn’t make a lot of sense. But the general debugging strategy remains even for advanced code projects:</p>
<ul class="has-global-color-8-background-color has-background">
<li>Figure out the faulty index just before the error is thrown.</li>
<li>Eliminate the source of the faulty index.</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Programmer Humor</h2>
<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="925" height="507" src="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-9.png" alt="" class="wp-image-401703" srcset="https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-9.png 925w, https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-9-300x164.png 300w, https://blog.finxter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-9-768x421.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 925px) 100vw, 925px" /><figcaption><em>“Real programmers set the universal constants at the start such that the universe evolves to contain the disk with the data they want.”</em> — <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/real_programmers.png" data-type="URL" data-id="https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/real_programmers.png" target="_blank">xkcd</a></figcaption></figure>
</div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Where to Go From Here?</h2>
<p>Enough theory. Let’s get some practice!</p>
<p>Coders get paid six figures and more because they can solve problems more effectively using machine intelligence and automation. </p>
<p>To become more successful in coding, solve more real problems for real people. That’s how you polish the skills you really need in practice. After all, what’s the use of learning theory that nobody ever needs?</p>
<p><strong>You build high-value coding skills by working on practical coding projects!</strong></p>
<p>Do you want to stop learning with toy projects and focus on practical code projects that earn you money and solve real problems for people?</p>
<p class="has-global-color-8-background-color has-background"><img decoding="async" src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f680.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> If your answer is <strong><em>YES!</em></strong>, consider becoming a <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/become-python-freelancer-course/" data-type="page" data-id="2072" target="_blank">Python freelance developer</a>! It’s the best way of approaching the task of improving your Python skills—even if you are a complete beginner.</p>
<p>If you just want to learn about the freelancing opportunity, feel free to watch my free webinar <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/webinar-freelancer/" target="_blank">“How to Build Your High-Income Skill Python”</a> and learn how I grew my coding business online and how you can, too—from the comfort of your own home.</p>
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</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-indexerror-tuple-index-out-of-range-easy-fix/">Python IndexError: Tuple Index Out of Range [Easy Fix]</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.finxter.com">Be on the Right Side of Change</a>.</p>
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