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[Tut] How to Split a Multi-line String into Multiple Lines?

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How to Split a Multi-line String into Multiple Lines?

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<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#c1f8f8"><strong>Summary:</strong> Use <code>given_string.splitlines()</code> to split a given multiline string into multiple lines.</p>
<p><strong>Minimal Example:</strong></p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="2" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">text = 'Python\nJava\nC#'
print(text.splitlines())
# Output: ['Python', 'Java', 'C#']</pre>
<h2><strong>Problem Formulation</strong></h2>
<p class="has-global-color-8-background-color has-background"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f4dc.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /><strong>Problem</strong>: Given a string, How will you split the string into a&nbsp;<a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-lists/">list</a>&nbsp;of words using newline as a separator/delimiter?</p>
<h3>Example: </h3>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Input
text = """abc
def
ghi """
# Expected Output
['abc', 'def', 'ghi']</pre>
<p>Let’s dive into the different ways of solving the given problem.</p>
<h2>Method 1: Using <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-string-splitlines/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">splitlines</a></h2>
<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#f7e7ce"><strong>Approach</strong>: The most convenient and easiest way to split a given multiline string into multiple strings is to use the <code>splitlines()</code> method, i.e., simply use – <code>'given_string'.splitlines()</code>.</p>
<p><strong>NOTE: </strong><code>splitlines()</code> is a built-in method in Python that splits a string at line breaks such as&nbsp;<code>'\n'</code>&nbsp;and returns a split list of substrings (i.e.,&nbsp;<em>lines</em>). For example, <code>'finxter\nis\ncool'.splitlines()</code> will return the following list: <code>['finxter', 'is', 'cool']</code>.</p>
<p><strong>Code:</strong></p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="7" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Input
text = """Python is an Object Oriented programming language.
COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.
F# is an Object Oriented programming language.""" print(text.splitlines()) # Output: ['Python is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'F# is an Object Oriented programming language.']</pre>
<p class="has-base-2-background-color has-background"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f30e.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /><strong>Related Read: <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-string-splitlines/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Python String splitlines()</a></strong></p>
<h2>Method 2: Using <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-string-split/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">split()</a></h2>
<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#f7e7ce"><strong>Approach: </strong>Use <code>'given_string'.split('\n')</code> to split the given multiline string at line breaks.</p>
<p><strong>Code:</strong></p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="7" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Input
text = """Python is an Object Oriented programming language.
COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.
F# is an Object Oriented programming language.""" print(text.split('\n')) # Output: ['Python is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'F# is an Object Oriented programming language.']</pre>
<p class="has-base-3-background-color has-background">Using “<strong>\n</strong>” ensures that whenever a new line occurs, the string is split.</p>
<p class="has-base-2-background-color has-background"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f30e.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /><strong>Related Read: <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-string-split/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Python String split()</a></strong></p>
<h2>Method 3: Using re.split in a List Comprehension</h2>
<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#f7e7ce">Another way to solve the given problem is to use the split method of the regex module. You can split the string at every line break by passing “\n” as the pattern within the <code>re.split</code> function. To ensure that there are no leading or trailing extra whitespaces in the resultant list you can use a list comprehension that stores the split strings only and eliminates whitespace characters. This can be done with the help of an if statement within the list comprehension as shown in the solution below.</p>
<p><strong>Code:</strong></p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="1,8" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">import re text = """Python is an Object Oriented programming language.
COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.
F# is an Object Oriented programming language.""" print([x for x in re.split("\n", text) if x!='']) # Output: ['Python is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'COBOL is an Object Oriented programming language.', 'F# is an Object Oriented programming language.']</pre>
<p><strong>NOTE: </strong>The&nbsp;<code>re.split(pattern, string)</code>&nbsp;method matches all occurrences of the&nbsp;<code>pattern</code>&nbsp;in the&nbsp;<code>string</code>&nbsp;and divides the string along the matches resulting in a list of strings&nbsp;<em>between&nbsp;</em>the matches. For example,&nbsp;<code>re.split('a', 'bbabbbab')</code>&nbsp;results in the list of strings&nbsp;<code>['bb', 'bbb', 'b']</code>. </p>
<p class="has-base-2-background-color has-background"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f30e.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />Read more here – <strong><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-regex-split/" target="_blank">Python Regex Split</a></strong></p>
<p><strong>List Comprehension: </strong>“A list comprehension consists of brackets containing an expression followed by a for clause, then zero or more for or if clauses. The result will be a new list resulting from evaluating the expression in the context of the for and if clauses which follow it.”</p>
<p class="has-base-background-color has-background"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f30e.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />Read more here: <strong><a href="https://blog.finxter.com/list-comprehension/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">List Comprehension in Python — A Helpful Illustrated Guide</a></strong></p>
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<p><strong><em>Do you want to master the regex superpower?</em></strong> Check out my new book <em><strong><a href="https://blog.finxter.com/ebook-the-smartest-way-to-learn-python-regex/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="[eBook] The Smartest Way to Learn Python Regex">The Smartest Way to Learn Regular Expressions in Python</a></strong></em> with the innovative 3-step approach for active learning: (1) study a book chapter, (2) solve a code puzzle, and (3) watch an educational chapter video. </p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>We have successfully solved the given problem using three different approaches. I hope you this <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/" target="_blank">article</a> answered all your queries. Please <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/subscribe" target="_blank">subscribe and stay tuned</a> for more interesting articles!</p>
<p>Happy coding! <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f642.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></p>
<p class="has-base-background-color has-background"><strong>Related Reads:</strong><br /><strong><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-split-string-by-newline/" target="_blank">⦿ Python | Split String by Newline</a></strong><br /><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-split-string-by-whitespace/" target="_blank">⦿<strong> Python | Split String by Whitespace</strong></a><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-split-string-into-characters/" target="_blank"><br />⦿ <strong>Python | Split String into Characters</strong></a></p>
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<h2><a href="https://academy.finxter.com/university/mastering-regular-expressions/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="https://academy.finxter.com/university/mastering-regular-expressions/">Python Regex Course</a></h2>
<p><strong><em>Google engineers are regular expression masters. </em></strong>The Google search engine is a massive <em>text-processing engine</em> that extracts value from trillions of webpages.  </p>
<p><strong><em>Facebook engineers are regular expression masters.</em></strong> Social networks like Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram connect humans via <em>text messages</em>. </p>
<p><strong><em>Amazon engineers are regular expression masters. </em></strong>Ecommerce giants ship products based on <em>textual product descriptions</em>.  Regular expressions ​rule the game ​when text processing ​meets computer science. </p>
<p><em><strong>If you want to become a regular expression master too, check out the<a href="https://academy.finxter.com/university/mastering-regular-expressions/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="https://academy.finxter.com/university/mastering-regular-expressions/"> most comprehensive Python regex course</a> on the planet:</strong></em></p>
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